Which method is the safest way to assess muscular strength?

Estimating the one-repetition max (one-rep max) is considered the safest method to assess muscular strength because it minimizes the risks associated with maximal lifting. This approach allows athletes or individuals to approximate their maximum strength without actually attempting to lift the maximum weight, which can lead to injuries if proper form is not maintained or if an individual is not adequately prepared.

The estimated one-rep max typically involves using submaximal weights performed for a number of repetitions. From these repetitions, formulas or charts can be applied to predict the higher maximum strength without the need for a potentially dangerous heavy lift. This method is particularly useful for individuals who may lack experience, confidence, or the proper technique required for maximal lifts.

This safety advantage is especially important in group settings or for those new to resistance training, where the potential for injury could increase significantly with maximal testing. Other methods, such as attempting a one-repetition max or repeated performance of an exercise at high intensity without an adequate foundation, can elevate the risk of injury, especially if the individual attempts to lift weights that are too heavy. Measuring range of motion, while important for assessing flexibility and joint health, does not directly measure muscular strength.